Composer Ahmed Essyad was born in Salé, Morocco, in 1938. After studying music at the Rabat Conservatoire (Morocco) he moved to Paris in 1962, where he became a student of Max Deutsch and, later, his assistant. Trained in the avant-garde practices of Western musical composition, he also claimed the Amazigh folk music of Morocco as a fundamental source of inspiration for his work.

In 1965, he was already incorporating elements of oral tradition in his work so as to question the language of his time, and therefore had to cope with the limits of musical notation and communication with musicians who did not share his cultural references. It was difficult to agree on what was implicit, 'behind the notes,' especially regarding the management of musical time and micro-intervals. In search of new compositional tools, he turned to electro-acoustic music. Working in a studio made it possible for him to be the interpreter of his own work, which ensured a certain continuity with music of oral tradition. The pieces presented here were produced between 1972 and 1974 in a studio dedicated to electro-acoustic music, the S.M.E.C.A, which was part of the Music Workshop founded by Jorge Arriagada in Paris. The studio was equipped with EMS and Minimoog synthesizers, a piano, a marimba, a xylophone, as well as various percussion instruments and a tape delay system.

With Toubkal (1972), Ahmed Essyad's interest in ethnomusicology dates back to his training at the Rabat Conservatoire. In 1958, along with Maryvonne Sauvage and Ouahid El Omari, he took part in a campaign to collect popular and traditional music. In his subsequent compositional work, he frequently relied on this experience to further his research on gesture, vocal technique, timbre and instrumental playing. Sultane (1973) is the fruit of a reflection on the ground and the land. Inspired by a war song recorded in Taza in the 1950s, the first movement is festive. The five movements show a clear alternation between dense, rhythmic sections and slower passages from which electronically distorted voices emerge. One of the voices is that of Ahmed Essyad himself. The two parts of Lectures pour bandes magnétiques (1974) are based on two different poems, one by Rainer Maria Rilke, and the other by Bona de Mandiargues. This work celebrates the fundamental role of the body in the musical act: the voice is the body, breathing is the origin of all musical phrasing.

The practice of electro-acoustics may have been a mere parenthesis in Ahmed Essyad's long and prolific career as a composer of contemporary music, but the works presented here are nonetheless important. They show how strongly he both supported North African popular forms of expression and opposed its folklorizing through simplistic and 'exotic' representations. It's not about fusing together East and West - impossible, he says: "the real point is to open up an imaginary space where another modernity can exist outside the largely Eurocentric framework of avant-garde music. Synthesis means anticipation, knowledge. As for me, I'm increasingly ignorant. I write to discover what I don't know. Music feeds me, it pollinates me. It's my daily wine."